Swine flu is a viral disease caused by a new type of influenza virus that has never circulated before in humans. The new virus was first detected in the USA in April 2009. The virus was initially called swine flu because it is genetically very similar to viruses that normally cause flu in swine.
Symptoms of swine flu are similar to the symptoms of seasonal flu and include fever, cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, body aches, headache, chills and fatigue. Diarrhea and vomiting have also been reported in a number of individuals.
Is swine flu H1N1 similar to seasonal flu?
Seasonal flu occurs every year but many individuals have some immunity against it which protects them from getting sick. Vaccines against seasonal flu are available in many countries. The swine flu virus on the other hand is an entirely new agent against which most of us have little or no immunity.
Is swine flu H1N1 contagious?
Yes, the virus is contagious and is spreading from person to person. It appears to be as contagious as seasonal influenza and is spreading fast among young people (from ages 10 to 45).
How does swine flu H1N1 virus spread?
Swine flu spreads from human to human in much the same way as seasonal flu. You can get infected if you inhale droplets expelled by an infected person during coughing or sneezing. Since the expelled droplets can also contaminate hands and other surfaces, you may also become infected by touching a contaminated surface and then touching your mouth or nose.
Can I get swine flu H1N1 from eating?
No, swine flu virus does not spread through food. It is safe to eat properly handled and cooked pork. The flu virus is killed by cooking temperatures of 160°F/70°C, which is commonly used for cooking meat.
How severe is the disease caused by swine flu H1N1?
The severity of disease ranges from very mild symptoms to severe diseases that can result in death. A large proportion of individuals who get infected with the virus experience mild disease and recover without hospitalization or antiviral treatment.
Who is at risk of severe swine flu disease?
Pregnant women, individuals with previously recognized medical conditions that increase the risk of flu-related complications such as asthma, diabetes, heart disease and those with weak immune systems are more likely to experience severe disease caused by flu infection.
How to protect youself and your family against swine flu H1N1?
First of all, vaccinate against A (H1N1). You can protect yourself from getting infected by avoiding close contact (minimum distance of about one meter if possible) with individuals who have flu-like symptoms. Plus, the next measures can protect you:
1. avoid crowded places or reduce the time spent in crowded places
2. improve ventilation by opening windows at home or at your job
3. avoid touching your mouth and nose
4. wash hands thoroughly with soap and water, or use an alcohol-based hand rub several times in a day
5. maintain general good heath, get adequate sleep, eat nutritious food, and stay physically active
