Steroid Abuse and Treatment

Who abuses anabolic steroids? Mainly body builders and athletes abuse steroids to alter their muscle mass and enhance performance however steroids can be abused by anyone. Unfortunately steroids have many negative side effects which may lead to severe psychological and physical changes.

What Is Anabolic Steroid Abuse?
It was not long ago when steroid use and abuse was within the domain of athletes, body builders and physical fitness fanatics. But the increased availability of drugs (including steroids) across the country has affected everyone, even school-age children. Media images promote the concept of the big powerful athlete, bulging with well-formed muscles. Insecurity develops within and steroid abuse offers a new way to achieve that look that seems unattainable. But is it worth the risk?

Anabolic Steroids, like any drug, have a profound impact on the brain’s neurotransmitters, which can set up mood and behavioral changes. Scientific research shows that anabolic steroid addiction and steroid abuse can cause aggression and other psychiatric side effects.

Warning Signs of Steroid Abuse
Men who become obsessed with body building and who ingest steroids to help them increase their muscle mass may have a distorted perception of their bodies, called muscle dysmorphia or megarexia. It is usually associated with low self-esteem and is related to feeling small or weak. Generally, these men adhere to a strict diet and constantly analyze their body images in the mirror. Frequent workouts with weights for extended hours in the gym are common. These men often abandon close relationships, careers and other forms relaxation in order to exercise more.

Signs of steroid abuse and addiction:

    Inflated self-esteem
    Extreme mood swings
    Depression
    Paranoid jealousy

    Extreme irritability
    Aggressive/violent behavior
    Delusions
    Impaired judgment

Anabolic steroids are taken orally or injected and when abused are taken in cycles that last weeks or months (referred to as "cycling"). Cycling involves taking multiple doses of steroids over a specific period of time, stopping for a period and then starting again. In addition, steroid users may combine several different types of steroids to maximize the effectiveness and minimize negative effects. This process is known as stacking. Prolonged use of steroids can lead to steroid dependence and a host of major medical problems.

Steroids are abused by both men and women, but the side effects differ by gender. For women many of the side effects are irreversible and can lead to fertility problems and masculinization.

Gender specific side effects:

Male Side Effects 

    Shrinking of the testicles
    Reduced sperm count
    Infertility
    Baldness
    Development of breasts
    Increased risk for prostate cancer

Female Side Effects 

    Growth of facial hair
    Male-pattern baldness
    Changes in or cessation of the menstrual cycle
    Deepened voice
    Diminished breast size

Steroid Addiction Treatment
Steroid withdrawal must be medically managed by an endocrinologist for the safest possible drug detox. The major health problems created by steroid abuse are related to the alterations in the levels of hormones in the body. Steroid withdrawal must be closely monitored and a specific steroid taper needs to be prescribed. Severe depression is the most common psychological side effect of stopping steroid use. Recovery Connection recommends going to a medical detox center because they are best equipped to prescribe medications for depression.

Many times, the withdrawal period will far exceed the actual tapering period. Steroid detox, which removes the steroids from the body, does not help with the severe self-esteem and psychological issues that may be the underlying issue for those struggling with steroid addiction.

Withdrawal symptoms can mimic other health problems and can include:

    Weakness
    Fatigue
    Decreased appetite
    Vomiting
    Abdominal pain

Some steroid abusers turn to other drugs to alleviate the negative effects of anabolic steroid addiction. Therapeutic interventions are recommended to handle steroid addiction, addiction to other substances and the accompanying psychological issues.

How Effective Is Tamoxifen Nolvadex for Gynecomastia?

Gynecomastia, a condition where the breast tissue of adolescent boys or adult men becomes enlarged and sometimes tender or sore, can be an uncomfortable and embarrassing problem, but treatment with the estrogen-blocking drug tamoxifen can help. Though the primary use of this medication is for the treatment of breast cancer, several studies have shown positive results when using Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) for gynecomastia. It can be helpful in a variety of situations that lead to the condition, including hormonal changes during puberty, anti-androgen treatment for prostate cancer, and in men for whom the issue has no known cause. Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) is also known to help men who take anabolic steroid cycles to increase muscle mass avoid gynecomastia from the hormonal changes caused by the steroids. It is most effective for treating the condition before it occurs, or when it has only been present for a few months.

Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) has traditionally been used to treat certain types of breast cancer. The drug does this by blocking the effects of estrogen, which can encourage some tumors to grow. Since gynecomastia typically results from excess estrogen in a man's body, Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) can also help prevent or treat the condition by blocking the hormone's effects.

Adolescent boys who develop the problem during puberty may be given the drug if the condition does not resolve itself quickly or causes severe emotional distress for the patient. Men undergoing prostate cancer treatment involving anti-androgen therapy may take tamoxifen to prevent the breast enlargement it usually causes. Those with idiopathic gynecomastia, where no cause for the condition is apparent, may also choose the drug, particularly if it persists for several months or causes discomfort.

Bodybuilders or other athletes who take anabolic steroids sometimes use tamoxifen for gynecomastia. The elevated estrogen levels that occur after a cycle of steroids ends puts the men using them at risk for gynecomastia. Taking Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) has been known to help prevent this issue.

While taking tamoxifen for gynecomastia has typically been found to be quite successful, it is important to note that it typically needs to be taken at the right times to be most effective. It works best as a preventive measure, or before the breast tissue has been enlarged for too long, typically within a few months of development. Once the condition has been present for a year or more, positive results from taking tamoxifen decrease significantly.